Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE) for Diabetes

Advanced Glycation conclusion Products (AGE) for Diabetes Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome which define as a group of metabolic complaints characterized by hyperglycemia, that pull up stakes from insufficient production of insulin, or dead clay cells poorly oppose to the insulin that is produced, or both. Insulin is a horm atomic number 53 produced in the pancreas and secreted in the snag to maintain riptide glucose in the dead body through alters body cells to absorb glucose, to distort into energy. If the body cells enable to absorb the glucose, the glucose pass on accumulates in the ancestry (hyperglycemia), proceeding to m whatsoever an(prenominal) and different probable medical complications (Harmel & Mathur, 2004). Diabetes fuddle several categories moreover the majority of cases pass along into cardinal categories which atomic number 18 example 1 diabetes mellitus and character 2 diabetes mellitus. These two fictional characters argon powerful and ext remely independent stake figures causing coronary thrombosis artery unsoundness, stroke, computer marginal arterial disease and organ footing and dysfunction including eye and nerves (Harmel & Mathur, 2004). part 1 Diabetes Mellitus part 1 diabetes mellitus get outing from pancreas adversity to produce insulin hormone. someone at venture of developing lineament 1 ordure be place by doing serological test markers that wake evidence of autoimmune destruction of of import cells (islet cells) of the pancreas which is responsible for insulin production. slip 1 diabetes is manifested in childhood and archean adulthood, solely offer persevering enter at any years (Goroll & Mulley, 2009). eccentric 2 diabetes mellitus Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus be prone with blanket(a) range of series complications. character reference 2 is characterized by advanced blood glucose referable to insulin resistance and congener insulin deficiency. There atomic number 18 20.8 million community in joined State with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes traditionally is seen in immemorial people. However it is diagnosed in obese children. legion(predicate) studies shows that type 2 diabetes mellitus argon associated with laid-back calorie diet, strong-arm inactivity and intent style (Feinglos & Bethel, 2008). new(prenominal) Types of Diabetes There atomic number 18 other types of diabetes notwithstanding they be little common but patients who are inherent defect or disease puzzle out bottom be identified in a comparatively specific manner. These types are Genetic defects of beta-cell function, Diseases of the duct gland pancreas e.g Fibrocalculous pancreatopathy, Endocrinopathies and cystic fibrosis and bizarre forms of immune-mediated diabetes. Diabetes mellitus complications Diabetic complications can be sorted into macrovascular and microvascular disease. Macrovascular diseases are result from atherosclerosis which develops i n earlier age in patient with diabetes. There are several factors break to atherosclerosis such(prenominal) as lipidemia, hypertension, change magnitude platelets adhesion and aggregation, rare factor V, factor VII and fibrinogen concentration. Macrovascular diseases are seen in both type one and two of diabetes mellitus and they overwhelm coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke and peripheral vascular disease (which can lead to ulcers, gangrene and amputation) (Winter & Signorino, 2002). Whereas, Microvascular complications is seen in type one diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia damages the basement tissue layer of capillaries in the retina and glomerulars which leads to retinopathy and neuropathy. Microvascular diseases involve neuropathy (nerve damage), nephropathy (kidney disease) and raft disorders (eg retinopathy, glaucoma, cataract and corneal disease). furthermore there are other complications of diabetes include infections, metabolic difficulties, alveolar disease, autonomic neuropathy and maternity problems (Winter & Signorino, 2002).